Abstract The translucency of dental ceramics [feldspathic ceramic (FC), lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LD), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic (LS), and translucent zirconia (TZ)], in two thicknesses (1 and 2 mm), using different parameters was assessed. Translucency parameters ( TP ab *, TP00), contrast ratio (CR), light transmittance at 468 nm (T%), and light attenuation were determined. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey’s test, and Pearson correlations (α=0.05). CR ranged from 0.64 (LS-1 mm) to 0.96 (TZ-2 mm). TP ab * ranged from 3.7 (TZ-2 mm) to 32.2 (LS-1 mm). TP00 ranged from 3.0 (TZ-2 mm) to 26.4 (LS-1 mm). T% ranged from 14.9 (TZ-2 mm) to 75.2 (FC-1 mm). Light attenuation varied from 54% (LS-1 mm) to 84% (TZ-2 mm). There were significant strong negative correlations between CR and TP ab * (R=-0.997), CR and TP00 (R=-0.991), TP ab * and light attenuation (R=-0.888), and TP00 and light attenuation (R=-0.867). LS showed the highest translucency, whereas TZ showed the lowest translucency. When thickness increased, CR and light attenuation also increased, while TP and transmittance decreased.

Non-biodegradable metals such as mercury accumulate in living organisms during life (bioaccumulation) and also within trophic webs (biomagnification) and may reach high concentrations in humans. The contamination of humans by mercury in drinking water and food may be common, in particular in riverside communities that have a diet rich in fish. In vitro studies of human cell lines exposed to the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of methylmercury have shown that prolactin has potential cytoprotective properties and may act as a co-mitogenic factor and inhibitor of apoptosis. The present in vivo study investigated the protective potential of prolactin against the toxic effects of methylmercury in the mammal Mus musculus. Histological and biochemical analyses, together with biomarker of genotoxicity, were used to verify the protective potential of prolactin in mice exposed to methylmercury. The reduction in kidney and liver tissue damage was not significant. However, results of biochemical and genotoxic analyses were excellent. After prolactin treatment, a significant reduction was observed in biochemical parameters and mutagenic effects of methylmercury. The study results therefore indicated that prolactin has protective effects against the toxicity of methylmercury and allowed us to suggest the continuation of research to propose prolactin in the future, as an alternative to prevent the damage caused by mercury, especially in populations that are more exposed.

The aim of the study was to describe the trajectory of the participating players of the New Basketball Brazil (NBB), the main Brazilian championship men's basketball season 2014/2015. To achieve the objective of a quantitative survey was conducted in which the data collected through questionnaires given to the players. 102 athletes were investigated. We sought to map the starting location of practice, the age at which started the practice and competition in basketball, the club for which he played in the early years and whether or not summoned to the selection of adult Brazilian base and base. The results indicated that the Brazilian basketball athletes did not undergo early specialization, the age of onset of practice and competition are very close to the average of 12 years, there is a predominance of clubs of São Paulo in the training of athletes, especially the city of Franca, and 51.48% of adult athletes of the NBB were summoned to base selections. This study allows us to understand important aspects of top-level sport in Brazil, particularly male basketball.

O objetivo do estudo foi descrever a trajetória dos jogadores participantes do Novo Basquete Brasil (NBB), principal campeonato de basquetebol masculino brasileiro temporada 2014/2015. Para alcançar o objetivo foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa em que se coletou os dados por meio de questionários entregues aos jogadores. Foram investigados 102 atletas. Se buscou mapear o local de início da prática, idade em que iniciaram a prática e a competição no basquetebol, clube por qual jogou nos anos iniciais e se foi ou não convocado para a Seleção de base brasileira adulta e de base. Os resultados indicaram que, em geral, ao menos pela idade de início de prática (próxima dos 12 anos, em média), os atletas brasileiros de basquetebol parecem não ter iniciado precocemente na modalidade, o estado de São Paulo se confirma como o centro da modalidade no país, tendo predominância na formação desses atletas, com destaque para a cidade de Franca; a NBB se mostra importante mercado e ambiente de desenvolvimento dos melhores atletas revelados no país, uma vez que 51,48% dos participantes foram convocados para alguma seleção de base brasileira.

El objetivo del estudio es describir la trayectoria de los jugadores de baloncesto que participan en el Nuevo Baloncesto Brasil, el principal campeonato brasileño de baloncesto masculino durante la temporada 2014/2015. Para lograr el objetivo, se llevó a cabo un estudio cuantitativo en el que los datos fueron recogidos a través de cuestionarios cubiertos por 102 jugadores. Se ha tenido en cuenta el lugar de inicio de la práctica, la edad en que empezaron a jugar y cuándo comenzaron a competir, el club en el que jugaron los primeros años y si fueron convocados a la selección en categorías de base o adulta. Los resultados muestran que los jugadores de baloncesto de Brasil no se iniciaron a una edad temprana, además el inicio de la práctica y la competición se produjo alrededor de los 12 años. Cabe destacar un predominio de los clubes de Sao Paulo en el entrenamiento de los deportistas, en especial la ciudad de Franca. El 51,48% de los atletas adultos de la NBB fueron convocados a selecciones de base. Este estudio permite comprender aspectos importantes del deporte de alto nivel en Brasil, principalmente de baloncesto masculino.

Lymphedema is defined by interstitial retention of hyperproteic fluid. In an early stage it is reversible; however, in more advanced stages it triggers multiple local reactions ending with the enlargement of the extremities by hypertrophy and fibrosis of the superficial soft tissues. Surgical treatment of chronic secondary lymphedema is identical no matter the etiology. Nevertheless, it depends on the grade of the disease. In early stages, the conservative treatment is the first option, but if this is not effective, the microsurgical procedures with the establishment of lymphatical-venous and lympho-lynfatics anastomosis are accepted as state of the art, with excellent results. At a further stage, radical excision techniques, specifically Charles procedure, represent a satisfatory option in the final resolution of the problem, attending the need of volumetric reduction. With this case report, the authors seek to demonstrate the value of Charles procedure in the treatment of chronic secondary lymphedema of the dorsum of the foot.

O linfedema define-se pela retenção intersticial de líquido hiperproteico. Numa fase inicial é reversível; todavia em estadios mais avançados desencadeia múltiplas reacções locais culminando no aumento do volume das extremidades com hipertrofia e fibrose dos tecidos moles superficiais. O tratamento cirúrgico do linfedema secundário crónico é idêntico qualquer que seja a etiologia. Por outro lado, difere consoante o estadio. Nos estadios iniciais, após a falência de medidas conservadoras, o tratamento microcirúrgico com realização de anastomoses linfáticovenosas e linfolinfáticas é aceite como de primeira linha e com excelentes resultados. Numa fase mais tardia, as técnicas de excisão radical, mais especificamente o procedimento de Charles, associado ou não às fisiológicas, apresenta um papel importante na sua resolução dada a necessidade de redução volumétrica. Deste modo, com a apresentação de um caso clínico os autores pretendem demonstrar a utilidade do procedimento de Charles no tratamento do linfedema secundário crónico avançado do dorso do pé.

El linfedema se define como la retención intersticial de líquido hiperprotéico. En su fase incial es reversible; pero en fases más avanzadas desencadena múltiples reacciones locales que culminan en un aumento del volumen de las extremidades, hipertrofia y fibrosis de los tejidos más superficiales. El tratamiento quirúrgico del linfedema secundario crónico es idéntico cualquiera que sea su etiología, pero difiere según el estadío de la enfermedad. En los estadíos iniciales el tratamiento conservador es la primera elección; pero ante el fallo de las medidas conservadoras, el tratamiento microquirúrgico mediante anastomosis linfático-venosas y linfo-linfáticas es el que se acepta como de primera línea y proporciona excelentes resultados. En fases más tardías, las técnicas de escisión radical, más especificamente la técnica de Charles asociada o no a medidas fisiológicas, juegan un papel importante en la resolución del linfedema dada la necesidad de conseguir una redución volumétrica del miembro afectado. Con la presentación de un caso clínico, pretendemos demostrar la utilidad de la técnica de Charles en el tratamiento del linfedema secundario crónico avanzado del dorso del pie.